micro SD card becomes Read-Only (data reset after device restart)

Symptom:

    On an Android device, storing files onto a SD card or deleting files from the it failed silently -- the operations appeared successful.  Turned off and on again, newly added files not exist 

😱 

and old files not deleted.

What happen?

    SD card is a kind of SSD.  It has maximum number of write cycles.  When it comes to its end of life, the firmware locks the SD card in read-only mode.  Write cycles varies from 10,000 - 100,000.